The helical structure in the protein is one of theĬommon secondary structure exist. Secondary structure elements present in repetitive forms in a protein and some proteins rich in α-helix content and others in β-sheet while others have mixed ratio of α-helix and β-sheet contents. These forces are hydrogen bonding and the van der Waal forces.
These secondary structure elements are also stabilized by the forces present between amino acids located at some distance from each other. These angles are called torsion angles and help in the folding of the polypeptide chain into different secondary structure elements like α-helix, β-sheet, β pleated-sheet, and turns. But the alpha carbon which is bond with NH- and C=O group have some rotation which allows arranging amino acids in different angles in limited values. Amino acids join each other thorough peptide bonds which are rigid i.e., they do not allow rotation of the two amino acids freely. The primary structure is very important in defining the structure and function of the protein. 1: The primary, secondary and tertiary structure of protein. While some proteins consist of more than one polypeptide, their structure arranges into another level which is called quaternary structure due to the interaction between two or more polypeptides of that protein.įig. Whereas the tertiary structure of proteins is defined as the arrangement of secondary structure content in 3-dimensional space. The secondary structure of a protein is due to the folding of the polypeptide chain into different folds due to hydrogen bonding and Vander Waal forces. The primary protein structure is a simple sequence of the amino acids in which they arrange in a polypeptide chain. There are three basic levels of structure arrangement of a protein which consist of a single polypeptide, called primary protein structure, secondary protein structure, and tertiary protein structure. Proteins structure is resolved on different levels and terminology was assigned in order to understand the level of protein structure. So, protein structural studies are very important in order to understand their functions. Proteins studies in terms of their structure and functions and with increasing knowledge, it is concluded that the function of a protein is very much related to their structure. Proteins are involved in different roles in the living organisms, from carrying out important cellular functions like metabolic reactions to being an important structural component of animals, human and plant body parts.
Proteins are polymers of amino acids and 20 different amino acids arranged in infinite patterns to form different types of proteins.
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